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81.
轻型钢骨结构低层住宅设计荷载分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文讨论了北美低层钢骨结构住宅结构设计的荷载问题,包括各类荷载的取值和计算方法,以及荷载组合模式,并提出了在我国相关规范没有出台前,在国内进行设计时应该注意的一些问题。 相似文献
82.
Wireless underground sensor networks: Research challenges 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
This work introduces the concept of a Wireless Underground Sensor Network (WUSN). WUSNs can be used to monitor a variety of conditions, such as soil properties for agricultural applications and toxic substances for environmental monitoring. Unlike existing methods of monitoring underground conditions, which rely on buried sensors connected via wire to the surface, WUSN devices are deployed completely belowground and do not require any wired connections. Each device contains all necessary sensors, memory, a processor, a radio, an antenna, and a power source. This makes their deployment much simpler than existing underground sensing solutions. Wireless communication within a dense substance such as soil or rock is, however, significantly more challenging than through air. This factor, combined with the necessity to conserve energy due to the difficulty of unearthing and recharging WUSN devices, requires that communication protocols be redesigned to be as efficient as possible. This work provides an extensive overview of applications and design challenges for WUSNs, challenges for the underground communication channel including methods for predicting path losses in an underground link, and challenges at each layer of the communication protocol stack. 相似文献
83.
用磁场传感器KMZ52设计的电子指南针 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了目前用于定位系统中的电子指南针的工作原理,详细论述了磁场传感器芯片KMZ52的工作原理,给出了用KMZ52磁场传感器设计电子指南针的总体设计方案和电路,同时给出了设计中的一些特殊处理方法。 相似文献
84.
本文阐述了CMOS图像传感器的一般特征,详细介绍了黑白CMOS图像传感器芯片OV9120的性能、特点及工作原理,给出了OV9120在图像采集处理中的具体应用实例。 相似文献
85.
86.
Recent technological advances have made it possible to support long lifetime and large volume streaming data transmissions
in sensor networks. A major challenge is to maximize the lifetime of battery-powered sensors to support such transmissions.
Battery, as the power provider of the sensors, therefore emerges as the key factor for achieving high performance in such
applications. Recent study in battery technology reveals that the behavior of battery discharging is more complex than we
used to think. Battery powered sensors might waste a huge amount of energy if we do not carefully schedule and budget their
discharging. In this paper we study the effect of battery behavior on routing for streaming data transmissions in wireless
sensor networks. We first give an on-line computable energy model to mathematically model battery discharge behavior. We show
that the model can capture and describe battery behavior accurately at low computational complexity and thus is suitable for
on-line battery capacity computation. Based on this battery model we then present a battery-aware routing (BAR) protocol to
schedule the routing in wireless sensor networks. The routing protocol is sensitive to the battery status of routing nodes
and avoids energy loss. We use the battery data from actual sensors to evaluate the performance of our protocol. The results
show that the battery-aware protocol proposed in this paper performs well and can save a significant amount of energy compared
to existing routing protocols for streaming data transmissions. Network lifetime is also prolonged with maximum data throughput.
As far as we know, this is the first work considering battery-awareness with an accurate analytical on-line computable battery
model in sensor network routing. We believe the battery model can be used to explore other energy efficient schemes for wireless
networks as well. 相似文献
87.
一种新型智能光纤传感器的研制与应用 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
光纤传感技术是一种新型的传感技术,目前已受到国内外广泛重视而得到高速发展。光纤液位变送器具有高精度、高可靠性,不受电磁干扰等优点,特别是在防爆要求非常高的油气集输领域,它的无电检测、光信号传输完全消除了不安全的因素,为易燃易爆场所提供了安全可靠的检测仪器。 相似文献
88.
利用寿命周期评价的思想,计算了炼铁生产过程中的环境负荷,并分析了各因素对环境负荷的影响,运用神经网络对炼铁生产过程环境负荷进行了预测。 相似文献
89.
A 320×240 CMOS image sensor is demonstrated,which is implemented by a standard 0.6 μm 2P2M CMOS process.For reducing the chip area,each 2×2-pixel block shares a sample/hold circuit,analog-to-digital converter and 1-b memory.The 2×2 pixel pitch has an area of 40 μm×40 μm and the fill factor is about 16%.While operating at a low frame rate,the sensor dissipates a very low power by power-management circuit making pixel-level comparators in an idle state.A digital correlated double sampling,which eliminates fixed pattern noise,improves SNR of the sensor, and multiple sampling operations make the sensor have a wide dynamic range. 相似文献
90.
We study the stressed state of an inhomogeneous welded joint containing an interlayer of a more high-strength material under the action of tensile loads. It is assumed that the contact boundary has a cracklike defect. We deduce analytic dependences of the fracture load on the mechanical inhomogeneity of the joint, thickness of the interlayer, and depth of the defect. The maximum depth of the defect to which the joint is insensitive is established. The proposed theoretical results are innovative and agree with the experimental data obtained for specimens cut out from a pipe of 14KhGS steel. 相似文献